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Some degree of asymmetry (unevenness)
is present in every human being. Leg length inequality (LLI) is
so common that it is considered a normal anatomical variant. Most
researchers agree that even a few millimeters of asymmetry may constitute
a primary cause for low back pain, hip and knee pain/arthritis and
is a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of stress features
(over-use injuries) of the lower extremities. (SPINE, 8 (6): 643-649,
1983 )
The average couch potato might not feel the affects of leg asymmetry,
but not so with the runner. Over time the continual abnormal loading
can and will lead to significant degenerative changes preceded by
pain. This is why pain can be present without trauma occurring.
Indicators for LLI
Chronic or repetitive stress and pain
symptoms of the back, hip, and lower extremities are surprisingly
unilateral, even though the human body is structured to be bilaterally
symmetrical. The body halves, both right and left, should be stressed
equally during bipedal standing and gait, as well as in almost all
everyday activities.
These are some signs and symptoms of LLI:
- Over pronation on one side
- Knock knee on one side
- Hip/Knee pain without trauma
- Hip/Knee arthritis on one side
- Chronic low back pain
- Postural deviations; shoulder/hip higher
than other side
- Gait asymmetry
Clinical Exam
Some discrepancy in limb length is measurable in 65-70% of the the
population. (JPOP, 16: 144-150, 1996) A standardized testing is
used to measure the length and a single x-ray is taken to determine
true leg length discrepancy. LLI can be congenital (you were born
with it) or due to functional abnormalities. Identifying the reason
for the LLI is very important in order to treat it properly.
Treatment
Heel lifts and/or orthotics are used to balance the body. In addition,
specific exercises/stretches are employed to bring back muscular
balance.
If you would like further information or a referral to a healthcare
provider that can answer any question you might have, please ask
your SDRI representative or contact us at info@sdri.net
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